การประยุกต์ใช้เทคนิคสเปกโทรสโกปีอินฟราเรดย่านใกล้ในงานวิจัยทางด้านประสาทวิทยาการศึกษา
Application of the Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Technique in Neuroeducation Research
Abstract
ในช่วงทศวรรษที่ผ่านมางานวิจัยด้านประสาทวิทยาการศึกษาได้เติบโตขึ้นอย่างต่อเนื่อง โดยมุ่งทำความเข้าใจกลไกการทำงานของสมองที่เกี่ยวข้องกับกระบวนการเรียนรู้ของมนุษย์ เพื่อพัฒนาแนวทางการเรียนการสอนที่มีประสิทธิภาพยิ่งขึ้นหนึ่งในเทคนิคที่ได้รับความสนใจคือเทคนิคสเปกโทรสโกปีอินฟราเรดย่านใกล้ (Near-Infrared Spectroscopy; NIRS) ซึ่งเป็นเครื่องมือถ่ายภาพสมองแบบไม่รุกรานที่สามารถตรวจวัดการเปลี่ยนแปลงของออกซีฮีโมโกลบินและดีออกซีฮีโมโกลบินในสมองได้แบบเรียลไทม์ บทความนี้นำเสนอแนวคิดในการประยุกต์ใช้เทคนิคสเปกโทรสโกปีอินฟราเรดย่านใกล้ ในงานวิจัยด้านประสาทวิทยาการศึกษา ซึ่งเป็นสาขาที่บูรณาการระหว่างประสาทวิทยาศาสตร์ จิตวิทยาการศึกษา และการจัดการเรียนรู้ โดยอธิบายหลักการทำงานของเทคนิคสเปกโทรสโกปีอินฟราเรดย่านใกล้ ข้อดีและข้อจำกัดของเทคนิคนี้ ตลอดจนยกตัวอย่างการประยุกต์ใช้เทคนิคสเปกโทรสโกปีอินฟราเรดย่านใกล้ ในงานวิจัยด้านการเรียนรู้ การประเมินพัฒนาการ ทักษะการรู้คิด การเรียนรู้ร่วม และภาวะบกพร่องในการเรียนรู้ เพื่อนำเสนอแนวโน้มการประยุกต์ใช้เทคนิคสเปกโทรสโกปีอินฟราเรดย่านใกล้ ในฐานะเครื่องมือที่ช่วยเสริมสร้างความเข้าใจเชิงลึกเกี่ยวกับกระบวนการเรียนรู้ในช่วงวัยต่าง ๆ และสนับสนุนการออกแบบการจัดการเรียนรู้ที่เหมาะสมยิ่งขึ้น
Over the past decade, research in neuroeducation has continuously expanded, aiming to understand the brain mechanisms underlying human learning processes and to develop more effective teaching and learning approaches. One of the techniques that has attracted increasing interest is Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), a non-invasive neuroimaging tool capable of measuring real-time changes in oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin concentrations in the brain. This article presents the concept of applying NIRS in neuroeducation research, an interdisciplinary field that integrates neuroscience, educational psychology, and instructional practices. It describes the fundamental principles of NIRS, its advantages and limitations, and provides examples of its applications in studies on learning processes, developmental assessment, cognitive skills, collaborative learning, and learning disabilities. This work also discusses the emerging trends in utilizing NIRS as a promising tool to deepen our understanding of learning processes across different developmental stages and to support the design of more effective and developmentally appropriate educational practices.
Keywords
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DOI: 10.14416/j.kmutnb.2026.02.001
ISSN: 2985-2145
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